Water
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go directly to report, PDF _ RL33656 - Animal Waste and Water Quality: EPA’s Response to the Waterkeeper Alliance Court Decision on Regulation of CAFOs
15-Jun-2010; Claudia Copeland; 20 p.
 Update: Previous releases:
August 20, 2008
August 31, 2007
May 16, 2007
September 20, 2006
.... [expand]  [read report]
Abstract: In October 2008, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a regulation to revise a 2003 Clean Water Act rule governing waste discharges from large confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs). This action was necessitated by a 2005 federal court decision (Waterkeeper Alliance et al. v. EPA,.... [expand]  [read report]
Topics: Water, Waste Management, Pollution
1742 
go directly to report, PDF _ RS21421 - Mountaintop Mining: Background on Current Controversies
12-Apr-2010; Claudia Copeland; 15 p.
 Update: Previous Reports:
August 26, 2008
October 11, 2007
June 12, 2007
November 29, 2005
January 24, 2007
.... [expand]  [read report]
Abstract: Mountaintop removal mining involves removing the top of a mountain in order to recover the coal seams contained there. This practice occurs in six Appalachian states (Kentucky, West Virginia, Virginia, Tennessee, Pennsylvania, and Ohio). It creates an immense quantity of excess spoil (dirt and ro.... [expand]  [read report]
Topics: Natural Resources, Water, Legislative
187 
go directly to report, PDF _ RS21201 - Leaking Underground Storage Tanks: Prevention and Cleanup
18-May-2010; Mary Tiemann; 11 p.
 Update: Previous Releases:
April 20, 2010
July 10, 2008
February 10, 2008
March 15, 2007
January 3, 2007
March 14, 2006
June 2, 2006

.... [expand]  [read report]
Abstract: To address a nationwide water pollution problem caused by leaking underground storage tanks (USTs), Congress authorized a leak prevention, detection, and cleanup program in 1984, under Subtitle I of the Solid Waste Disposal Act. In 1986, Congress established the Leaking Underground Storage Tank (.... [expand]  [read report]
Topics: Pollution, Waste Management, Water

1457 
go directly to report, PDF _ RL33483 - Wetlands: An Overview of Issues
12-Jul-2010; Claudia Copeland; 25 p.
 Update: Previous Releases:
December 30, 2009
July 8, 2008
June 26, 2007
March 13, 2007
December 11, 2006
June 20,2006
July 30, 2006
MOST RECENT DEVELOPMENTS:
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service released its most recent periodic survey of changes in wetland acreag.... [expand]  [read report]
Abstract: Recent Congresses have considered numerous policy topics that involve wetlands. Many reflect issues of long-standing interest, such as applying federal regulations on private lands, wetland loss rates, and restoration and creation accomplishments. In the 110th Congress, a few of the topics were n.... [expand]  [read report]
Topics: Wetlands, Federal Agencies, Water
1647 
go directly to report, PDF _ R40143 - Ocean Acidification
27-May-2010; Eugene H. Buck, Peter Folger; 15 p.
 Update: Previous releases:
July 2, 2009
.... [expand]  [read report]
Abstract: With increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, the extent of effects on the ocean and marine resources is an increasing concern. One aspect of this issue is the ongoing process (known as ocean acidification) whereby seawater becomes less alkaline as more CO2 dissolves i.... [expand]  [read report]
Topics: Water, Climate Change
2210 
go directly to report, PDF _ R40538 - Coordination of Federal Water Research: Legislative Issues
30-Dec-2009; Nicole Carter; 9 p.
 Abstract: H.R. 1145, the National Water Research and Development Initiative Act of 2009, would formally establish a federal interagency committee to coordinate federal water research. Federal water research currently averages roughly $700 million annually.

The proposed interagency committee, with input .... [expand]  [read report]
Topics: Water, Legislative

2241 
go directly to report, PDF _ R40477 - Desalination: Status and Federal Issues
30-Dec-2009; Nicole Carter; 13 p.
 Abstract: In the United States, desalination is increasingly investigated as an option for meeting municipal water demands, particularly for coastal communities that can desalinate seawater or estuarine water, interior communities above brackish groundwater aquifers, and communities with contaminated water.... [expand]  [read report]
Topics: Water, Science & Technology
2242 
go directly to report, PDF _ 98-323 - Wastewater Treatment: Overview and Background
30-Dec-2009; Claudia Copeland; 9 p.
 Update: Previous Releases:
March 20, 2008
February 7, 2005
May 19, 2005
.... [expand]  [read report]
Abstract: The Clean Water Act prescribes performance levels to be attained by municipal sewage treatment plants in order to prevent the discharge of harmful wastes into surface waters. The act also provides financial assistance so that cities can construct treatment facilities in compliance with the law. T.... [expand]  [read report]
Topics: Water, Waste Management
211 
go directly to report, PDF _ R40979 - California Drought: Hydrological and Regulatory Water Supply Issues
7-Dec-2009; Betsy Cody, Peter Folger, Cynthia Brougher; 31 p.
 Abstract: California experienced severe water supply shortages in 2009, which led to economic disruption across the state, including concentrated losses in agricultural areas in the western portion of the Central Valley—areas already experiencing declines in the housing industry and the economic downturn i.... [expand]  [read report]
Topics: Water
2239 
go directly to report, PDF _ RL33263 - The Wetlands Coverage of the Clean Water Act is Revisited by the Supreme Court: Rapanos vs. United States
9-Jan-2009; Robert Meltz & Claudia Copeland; 21 p.
 Update: Previous Releases:
November 28, 2007
September 12, 2006
/NLE/CRSreports/06Mar/RL33263.pdf.... [expand]  [read report]
Abstract: Twice in the past, the Supreme Court has grappled with issues as to the geographic scope of the wetlands permitting program in the federal Clean Water Act (CWA). On June 19, 2006, the Supreme Court rendered a third decision, Rapanos v. United States, on appeal from two Sixth Circuit rulings conso.... [expand]  [read report]
Topics: Wetlands, Water, Legislative
1579 
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